Mp4p3 Group 2

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• As an amazing group here in lab table 2, we all like amazing adjectives and delicate food that's amazingly amazing. We also like long complex names that are undescribable and full of those delicious adjectives I mentioned earlier.

- Andrew, Abigail, Kalee, and Kayse

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--May 13th, 2011--

~~Alka-Seltzer Experiment~~

Question: How will the mass of the reactants compare to the mass of the products in a chemical reaction where a gas percipitate forms?
Hypothesis: It will stay the same, according to the Law Conservation of Mass.
IV: The mass of the reactants (g)
DV: The mass of the products (g)
Constants: Mass of the vial, same vial, same three-beam balance
Procedures:

1. Measure 10ml of water
2. Put the 10ml of water into the glass vial
3. measure the mass of the vial, water, and alka-seltzer
4. Put the alka-seltzer in the vial and put the cap onto the vial without letting any gas escape
5. Measure the mass of the products
6. Recorde your data and compare the two masses
7. Repeat steps 1-6 for 2 more trials

Conclusion: The mass of the reactants remained the same as the mass of the products due to the law of conservation of mass.

Trials	Mass of Reactants (g)	Mass of Products (g)	Change in mass (g)
1	44.5	44.5	0
2	44.9	44.9	0
3	44.9	44.9	0
Average Change in Mass			0

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--May 10th, 2011--

~~Chemical Mixtures~~

Question: How will the mass of the reactants compare to the mass of the products in a chemical reaction where a solid percipitate forms?
Hypothesis: It will stay the same, according to the Law of Conservation of Mass.
IV: The mass of the reactants (g)
DV: The mass of the products (g)
Constants: The mass of glass, same glassware, same balance

Trial	Mass of Reactants	Mass of Products	Change in Mass
1	4 grams	4 grams	0 grams
2	6 grams	6 grams	0 grams
3	8 grams	8 grams	0 grams

Result: Our hypothesis was correct, because their was never a change in mass for any of the trials.



When we mixed together the sodium iodide and the lead nitrate they reacted and created the lovely yellow color.

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--April 27, 2011--

~~Experimenting with Chemical Reactions~~

Question: What combination of compounds react chemically?
Hypothesis: The calcium chloride and the sodium bicarbonate will react with the bromothymol blue chemically.
Independent variable: Chemicals combined
Dependent Variable: Chemical reaction that occurs
Procedures:

1. Put 10 ml of bromothymol blue in the test tube
2. Measure 0.3 grams of sodium bicarbonate
3. Pour the sodium bicarbonate into the bromothymol blue
4. Mix substances carefully
5. Record the results
6. Repeat steps 1-5 with calcium chloride instead of sodium bicarbonate

Results:

• The sodium bicarbonate or the calcium chloride did not react with the bromothymol blue
• The sodium bicarbonate and calcium chloride reacted with eachother when water was added. The product was carbon dioxide gas.
• When all 3 compounds were mixed with water the solution bubbled and turned yellow

	Calcium Chloride	Sodium Bicarbonate	Bromothymol Blue
Calcium Chloride	XXXXXXXXXXXXXX	With water, produced carbon dioxide gas	The Calcium Chloride dissolved in the bromothymol blue
Sodium Bicarbonate	With water, produced carbon dioxide gas	XXXXXXXXX	The Sodium Bicarbonate dissolved in the bromothymol blue
Bromothymol Blue	The Calcium Chloride dissolved in the bromothymol blue	The Sodium Bicarbonate dissolved in the bromothymol blue	XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX

When all 3 chemicals were mixed, a yellow mixture was produced and released carbon dioxide gas.

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--April 26, 2011--

~~Safety with Chemicals~~

Calcium Chloride (CaCl2):

• Harmful when swallowed
• Safety Glasses Required when handled
• Is considered a salt
• solid at room temperature
• easily combines with moisture in the air
• burns the mouth

Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3):

• Safe to Ingest
• Used in Cooking
• The common name is baking soda
• often used in medicines

Bromothymol Blue (C27H28Br2O5S):

• indicator for acids and bases
• harmful if swallowed

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--April 18th, 2011--

~~Saturated Soulubility Curve~~

Question: Does the temperature of the solvent affect the solubility of a mystery solute?
Hypothesis: Yes, because soulubility is affected by temperature in most solutes.
Independent Variable: Amount of solute
Dependent Variable: Temperture of saturation.
Constants: Same solute, same solvent, volume of water, weight of the paper

Procedure:

1. Measure 10g, 8g, 6g, and 4g of solute.
2. Put solute in test tube with 10ml of water.
3. Mix using a lab scoop while holding the test tube in a hot water bath.
4. After the solute disolves, place it in a test tube rack and allow it to cool.
5. Record the temperature when the first crystal appears.

Amount of Solute (g)	Temperature of Saturation (Co)	Average Class Temperature(Co)
10	56.4	55.27
8	49.4	46.00
6	52.4	39.07
4	23.5	22.95

From our solubility curve we identified the mystery substance as Potasium Nitrate.

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--April 11th, 2011--

~~Temperature Affects on Solubility~~

Question: Howe will the temperature affect the speed of the solute dissolving?
Hypothesis: The greater the temperature of the solvent, the faster the solute will dissolve.
Independent Variable: Temperature of the solvent (water)
Dependent Variable: Speed of dissolving of the solute (kool-aid)
Constants: The amount of water used (5ml) and the amount of kool-aid used (0.5g)

Procedures:

1. Fill a test tube with 5ml of room temperature water.
2. Measure 0.5 grams of kool-aid
3. Add 0.5 grams of kool-aid to the water
4. Place the test tube in the test tube rack
5. Time how long it takes for the cool aid to completely dissolve
6. Record the results
7. Repeat steps 1-6 with cold and hot water. Be sure to record the temperature of the water.

Water Type	Temperature (Co)	Trial 1 (min.)
Cold Water	14 degrees C	20+ min.
Room Temperature Water	22 degrees C	19 min. 52 sec.
Hot Water	35 degrees C	15 min. 8 sec.

While the Kool-Aid did not dissolve all the way in time during the experiment, according to the data the hot water dissolved faster than the other two.

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--April 6th, 2011--

~~Solubility Lab~~

List of Materials:

1. 1 container of zinc oxide and copper(II) sulfate
2. 1 graduated cylinder
3. 4 test tubes
4. 1 red plastic test tube rack
5. 1 plastic green bin
6. 1 metal substance scooper
7. 1 brush thing
8. 2 Funels

Question: Will the chemicals disolve
Hypothesis: The Copper (II) sulfate will disolve in water and the Zinc Oxide will not.
Idependent Variable: Substance Tested
Dependent Variable: Solubility

Procedures:

1. Fill 2 test tubes with 5ml of water and 2 test tubes with 10m of water. Use the funnel to pour the water.
2. Scoop some Copper (II) Sulfate an pour it into the test tube.
3. Pour it into one test tube with 5ml of water and one with 10 ml of water.
4. Mix the substance inside the test tube.
5. Record solubility results.
6. Repeat steps 2 - 5 with Zinc Oxide

Observations:

1. The Copper (II) Sulfate disolved in the test tube with both 5ml and 10ml of water.
2. The Zinc Oxide ccreated a suspention in both amounts of water.
3. The Zinc Oxide spread out in the water and the particles were visible.
4. The suspention blocked light.
5. The Copper (II) Sulfate created a solution and did not block light.
6. When filtered, the Zinc Oxide remained in the filter while the water passed through.
7. Both the Copper (II) Sulfate and water passed through the filter.

Script:



Andrew: Whoa there Abbey! Is that Copper (II) Sulfate?

Abbey: Why yes, Andrew, it is!

Kalee: But Abbey, don’t you know that Copper (II) Sulfate can be harmful to the skin on contact?

Abbey: Uh oh! I didn’t know that! It sure is a good thing im wearing my lab glasses and being safe.

Kasey: So, What are you doing with that dangerous chemical you have there?

Abbey: Im seeing if the copper (II) Sulfate will dissolve in water. And guess what.

All: WHAT!?!?!

Abbey: It made a solution!

ALL: WHAT NO WAY!

Abbey: Yup. The copper (II) sulfate does not block light after being mixed with the water. This is a sign that this mixture is a solution.

Andrew: That’s wicked cool abbey.

Kalee: What about the other harmful chemical you have in your arsenal? For example, the Zinc Oxide!

Abbey: When mixed with the water, the zinc oxide created a suspension. I know this because the new mixture blocked light.

Kayse: That is pretty cool abbey. Hey, what’s going on in this experiment exactly?

Abbey: I am testing solubility. This is the amount of solute needed to make a saturated solution using a given amount of solvent at a certain temperature.

Andrew: Well, what is the solute and solvent in this experiment?

Abbey: The solvent just so happens to be the water while the solute is the copper (II) Sulfate or Zinc Oxide because the solute is the substance being dissolved and the solvent is the substance the solute is dissolving in.

Kalee: Gee wilikers! That’s neat-o

Kayse: Whoa abbey what are you doing now?

Abbey: Oh I’m filtering the mixtures. After filtering the Zinc Oxide mixture it left residue of zinc oxide particles in the filter.

Andrew: Filtering? I am sorry abbey but im not familiar with that term.

Abbey: Well its basically when you attempt to pass one substance through and not another to separate them. The substance going through the filter is often called the filtrate!

Kalee: Well, we have to go for now…

ALL: BYE ABBEY!

Pictures:


The Copper (II) Sulfate before being mixed with the water.


The Copper (II) Sulfate after the water from the solution evaporated.

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--April 6th, 2011--

~~Chemical Dangers~~

Copper(II) Sulfate (CuSO4): This chemical is not recomended for small children due to its toxinity. The chemical causes irritation after contact on the eyes and skin. Results in itching and eczema. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper(II)_sulfate)

Zinc Oxide (ZnO): This is an inorganic material. Its a nontoxic chemical unless you breath in its fumes. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc_Oxide)

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